Just war theory

St. Augustine believed that one must remove the faulty impressions of sensory knowledge to attain divine wisdom. He believed that by looking inward and then upward, one can achieve salvation and happiness. St. Augustine also accomplished many great things. Above all, he completed the Christinization of Greek philosophy by reafirming the Platonic idea about the relationship between the body and the soul. He also established the doctrine of "Just war", which allowed righteous conflicts performed in the name of peace. He presented this idea in the middle ages. He believed that war was sin, but he also knew that auciding war was inevetable. He thought the only rationalization for war was to hope to achieve peace. Of course there were principles to the Just War theory but like any other law or rule, they were broken. Especially the one which stated that civilians should not be attacked but yet they were. Amongst this principle were also the follwing:

1.) Last Resort
- A just war can only be initiated if all non-violence options have been used.
2.) Initiated by the government or a higher power.
-A war is only just if an authorative figure approves it, then it is justified.
3.) Chance of Sucess
- A war can only be fought if there is a chance of success.
4.) "Right Intentions"
-A just war can only be fought in order to "redress a wrong sufferred."
-The only objective of a war is to solve the problem.
-Self-defense agains an armed attack is always a just case.
5.) Re-stablish Peace
-Ultimate goal of a just war is to re-establish peace.
-War should improve te peace that existed before or would exist ifthe war had never been fought.
6.) Proportionallity
-You must use the minumum amount of force to get your objective.
-Violence used should be proportional to the injury suffered.
7.) Don't attack civilians
- Civilians are never the target of war, all measures to avoid killing them should be used.

As good as these principles might sound in reality they are not as just as they seem. Not to mention the fact that they were broken most of the time. This idea of just war theory to me dosent make it any holyer or better at the end of the day, because fighting is just the same under any circumstance or situation. Fighting cannot be seen as good because there are definetly other ways to solve problems. St. Augustine stated that this form of fighting was good because it could only be allowed if their people were being attcked, but like God previously stated "Get slapped on one cheek and turn your face to be slapped on the other". The same can be seen with the statement "Don't do unto those what you wouldn't want done unto you". Fighting is all the same whether one claims its for a good cause or a bad one, in the end your ultimate goal is revenge and if not, when fighting the emotions that run within us are those of anger and hate no matter how hard we try to block them out its a natural instinct that we as humans posess.


THE END............................................................................... ;-]

Bacon's Four Idols

Francis Bacon was against the Educational System and condemned them on two things. He argued that the church can teach you how to go to heaven but they cannot teach you how the heavens go. He focused on the idea that the church had mixed religion and natural philosophy. He wanted to make others realize that by understanding nature and how it works we could meet the daily needs of people and reduce the suffering of others which would allow us to get closer to God. Bacon had four idols that he believed beset men's mind. They are known as Idols of the tribe, Idols of the Cave, Idols of the Marketplace, and Idols of the theatre.

.....Idols of the Tribe: It is a false assertion that the sense of man is the measure of things. It is the bias of human beings to jump to conclusions based on what is new or strange rather than investing time to understand the truth. We distort the nature of things by mingling our own nature with it.

.....Idols of the Cave: Men look for the sciences in their own lesser worlds, and not in the greater or common world. They spent their time Creating individual biases through the educational system. These are the idols of the individual man. Everyman has their own perspective of nature which makes our view of nature different from the others and most times makes nature seem discolored. It can as well have to do with the daily activities we perform.

.....Idols of the Marketplace: It is by discourse that men asscociate and words are imposed with such vulgarity. Men don't even defend themselves because of some statements presented whether they be wrong or right but by the simple fact that looking bad in front of everyone else is not a top priority. It is the language created to share knowledge Revealing the truth. Philosophy is more concerned with winning arguments than looking into specific ways of knowing. Words just lead men into contraversy and confusion but the actions that take place are quite understanding, have great effect, and make sense.

.....Idols of the theatre: The Christian West has given reverence to four or five Greek scholars and has ignored any other understanding of the world. It is so wrong for such action to take place because the occurences in the world and what there is to learn cannot be based on the ideas or opinions of a small sec of people but should be based on that of information and fact. If we stick to the ideas or philosophies of a specific people then the chances of ever really discovering something are very vague......progression is led by achievment and the process of learning new things, not by sticking to what others say is the final word or what is right.



THE END...................... ;-]

Gailileos Daughter

Galileo Galilei was born in 1564 at Pisa. His run-ins with the church remain highly famous till this day but are often romanticized or misunderstood. He was a great philosopher who discovered many things which include how the world really worked and it's very unique aspects. Although Gailileo was often misunderstood due to his highly advanced maner of speaking and the things which he discovered or thought, many people like Pope Urban understood where he was coming from and were as well intrigued by some of his discoveries and the way in which he presented himself. Gailileo saw that it was best to express his ideas to others through writing and that it was one of the only ways people could get to know him better and see for themselves that what he spoke was not fiction but indeed science and possibly accurate. He began writing a book which he based upon data on which he talked about how sun spots seemed to change day by day. During this period of time the black plague hit many very hard, and left others dead. Galileo however only remained sick and thanks to one of his daughters he stayed alive. His daughter had been bought up in a convent most of her life but she still had a very strong connection with her father. During his time of sickness she managed to sent him medicine that she had either taken from the convent or made herself from herbs. This was one way her father was able to finish his work. She also sent him notes telling him of how well she was doing as to not worry him about anything that could worsen his sickness. Since their relationshio was so close, he would send her some of the pieces of work he had so busily finished and she would edit them for him. She was not only his daughter, but now was also seen as a business partner or editing chief who made sure that her fathers works of art were quite accurate even though she didn't always understand what he spoke of. Overall, if it hadn't been for her his books would of never gotten published, and who knows maybe we wouldn't even know about him now.

St. Thomas Aquinas' Five Ways

First Way; The Argument from Motion
This argument clearly sates that :
1.) Nothing can move itself.
2.) If every object in motion had a mover, then the first object in motion needed a mover.
3.) This first mover is the Unmoved Mover, called God.
- I agree with the satement made on how everything that is moved has to be moved by something else. Even if something is put on a hill and it rolls down by itself what created that object in the first place. It's like a series of events that once again are all based on the conclusion that something caused their movement. However, I completely disagree with the satement made on how the unmoved mover is God. Dont get me wrong, I believe in God but this satement is not based on facts. We have not yet sufficient evidence that God was the one who created the world so its a huge mistake on behalf of Aquinas to say that this unmoved force is God. Even though it could be God, then what controls God himself? Is he one man or is their a higher being that controls what he does?
Second Way: Causation if Existence
1.) There exist things that are caused (created by other things.)
2.) Nothing can be the cause of itself (nothing can create itself.)
3.) There cannot be an endless string of objects causing other objects to exist.
4.) Therefore, there must be an uncaused first cause called God.
- Once again i have to agree with Aquinas that everything was created by something else. Whether it was by God, man, creature, or natural forces, everything has been bought to life by some other force. Besides its really difficult to believe that objects just create one another on their own without any other things having no part in it at all.
Third Way: Contingent and necessary objects
1.) Contingent beings are caused.
2.) Not every being can be contingent.
3.) There must exist a being which is necessary to cause contingent beings.
4.) This necessary being is God.
-I disagree with the statement that not every being can be contingent because it contradicts itself to other statements made earlier. Every being could have not existed without a necessary being causing its existence. However, i do find myself very intrigued by the idea that God is the necessary being because no one has found any other logical explanation for how we as humans evolved and came about.
Fourth Way: The Argument from Degrees and Perfection
1.) For any given quality there must be a perfect standard by which all such qualities are measured.
2.) These perfections are contained in God.
-Nothing im my opinion is perfect, not even God himself, he too had some flaws. So its kina noodles to say that there is such a thing as perfection and that it can be seen in God. Wr have learned of God's very sneaky ways in Unit 2 of core when talking about the creation of Adam and Eve and the stroy of the Cyclops. Yes, there are things which seem more appeling than others and are so intriquite that they are believed or seen as perfect but in my eyes perfection is nothing more but a false word.
Fifth way: The Argument from Itelligent Design
1.) All physical laws and the order of nature and life were designed and ordered by God, the intelligent designer.
-Since i clearly don't believe that God is the creator of the world, I dont believe that he is the intelligent designer either. Things on earth function in certain ways and have to function in these ways because thats how they can survive or go about in life. I don't think that any person, especially God has the power to state how each living thing would work out and how it had to adapt. I just think that as earth stands still so should the idea that the order of nature and other physical laws already existed before any man was created and naturally came about on their own.

Hitlers mein kampf vs. Common Fallacies

Today in class we learned about 9 common fallacies and how they differ or relate to the story main kampf of Hitler. These fallacies all tend to fall under the same category of false statements. For example the story of Mein kampf Hitler states that all humans should only help their people and worry for no one else and that it is the best way to go about in life. We however as civilized human beings view this as an absolutely false statement because we realize that society would be better if everyone, no matter what ethnicity or skin color could help eachother out. Here are some examples of false fallacies:

- There are some truths, wich are so obvious that for this reason they are not seen or at least not recognized by ordinary people. (Hasty Generalization)
This is false because it is a statement that is made on the basis of unsufficient evidence. Ordinary people have the ability to recognize truth even if it is so obvious and even though no other ordinary person can see it.

-Any crossing of two beings not at exaclty the same level produces a medium between the level of the two parts: Offspring will probably stand higher than the racially lower parent, but not as high as the higher one. (Post Hoc and Slippery Slope)
This is once again false because the event of having an offspring from a crossing of two human beings at the same level dosent necessarly mean that the offspring will stand higher than he lower parent but not as high as the higher parent. The same thing applies for the Slipper Slope, not just because two beings at the same medium level produce an offspring means that their offspring will be at a higher level than that of the lower parent but lower than that over the hiher parent.

It all makes better sense when you know the definition of each fallacy but for now thats all the time i have left!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!11

Intelligent Design vs. Evolution

I believe in the power of a higher being and the possibility that he could be the creator of all but evidence is what identifies whether a satement is real or simply made believe, and evolution has far more evidence to back it up then intelligent design does in my opinion. We have evidence that God existed due to art, scriptures, and most importantly the bible. However, i believe that God was just a figure of higher power that the people made up in times of need. Someone they could rely on when times were tuff and when they had no one else to turn to. They of course made this figure as one who had power over all and made miracles so that people could have even more faith and hope that he could make hard life better. I absolutely side with the idea of evolution because theres evidence such as real life objects that are there to support the idea and not just objects that man could make. The objects used to support the idea of evolution are those that came from man himself as well as animals. It's easier for me to accept the idea that we as humans have evolved through the process of life from other species as well as species also evolving rather than belief that one man had the power to do it all. Evolution for me is not just a theory but a fact, and one that can be supported with all life evidence from present and past while intelligent design is simply a thing from the past and a simple belief in something completely opinionated and false.

Three types of Deductive Logic

...Syllogism is a three part prove of anything being true. Aristotle was the one to create Syllogisms in hopes of giving the people a better understanding of what the bible said in a more comprehensive matter. A syllogism starts off with a group and then turns to an individual matter. The equation of Syllogism is A=B, B=C, and A=C

An example of this would be:

-Fruit has nutrients

-Nutrients are good for you

-Fruit is good for you

In this example A=Fruit, B=Nutrients, C=Good for you

...A second type of deductive logic is called Modus Ponens.

In Modus ponens both terms have to be the same. You can have term p and term Q be reversed but in he end they will equal eachother.

An example of this would be :

- If its raining outside it is cold,

-If its cold outside, therefore it's raining

- The premise raining is true so the premise cold outside is true

......The last type of deductive reasoning is Modus Tollance.

In Modus Tollance there are negatives. Term Q is necessary for term P to exist. If term P does not exist then the outcome ofterm Q will be false.

An example of this would be:

-If it's raining outside, it's cold

-If its not cold outside

-Therfore it's not raining

....................................So there u have it thanx for watching.......lmao...............................................jk